While looking for liquid level sensors online, I came across this guy from Sparkfun:
http://www.sparkfun.com/products/9072
It's a potentiometer strip which would attach to the outside of the keg, and can sense the liquid level without having to go inside it. The only hurdle I see is that it requires a magnet on the inside to be able to detect the liquid level. Does anyone have any thoughts as to how you could get a magnet in there that would float with the liquid level, instead of just clinging to the metal on the inside of the keg, but would also not produce off flavors in the beer? I'm thinking maybe attaching it to the dip tube in some fashion, but I'm not sure.